Abanini bezindlu kwiindawo ezibandayo bajongene nokukhetha okunzima rhoqo ebusika: bahlawule ngakumbi ukushisa-okanye bahlalise induduzo encinci. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba ibhoyili yakho inokuzisa ubushushu kunye nokugcina imali? A kwibhoyila yokuhlala enefuthe eliphezulu yenza kanye loo nto-hayi njengesithembiso sokuthengisa, kodwa njengenyani yobunjineli.
Sifake iinkqubo zokuhlala ezingaphezu kwe-120 kuwo wonke amantla eTshayina naseMpuma Yurophu ukususela ngo-2018. Ebusika baselunxwemeni lwaseQingdao-apho ukufuma kuluma kunye namaqondo obushushu ahamba kufutshane nomkhenkce-abaxumi abasebenzisa imodeli yegesi ekhuniweyo banciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha ngama-32% ngokomyinge. Olunye usapho eDalian lwatshintsha iyunithi eneminyaka eli-15 ubudala engacondenyisiyo nge-95% AFUE yebhoyila yensimbi engenasici kwaye yabona ibhili yerhasi yonyaka yehla ukusuka kwi-¥4,860 ukuya kwi-¥3,310. Akukho kuphuculwa kwe-insulation. Akukho tshintsho lwethermostat. Ukutshisa nje okukrelekrele kunye nokubuyiswa kobushushu obungqongqo.
Kutheni uKusebenza ngokufanelekileyo Ayilonani nje kwiLeyibhile
I-AFUE (iNgcaciso yokuSetyenziswa kweFuel ngoNyaka) ibalisa kuphela inxalenye yebali. Ukusebenza kwehlabathi lokwenyani kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezintathu: indlela ibhoyila ihambelana kakuhle ngayo nomthwalo wekhaya lakho, iphendula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwii-spikes zemfuno, kunye nokuba bungakanani ubushushu obubuyisela kwiigesi zokukhupha.
Uninzi lweebhoilers zokuhlala ezisebenza kakuhle zifikelela kwi-90-98% AFUE-kodwa kuphela xa ubukhulu obufanelekileyo kunye ne-hydronically balanced. Ukugqithisa kakhulu yi-#1 unobangela wokuhamba ngebhayisikile emfutshane, enciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle nge-25%. Sibone ukufakela okuninzi apho iyunithi ye-120 kW yacaciswa indawo yokuhlala engama-75 m² ngenxa yokuba "enkulu ikhuselekile." Isiphumo? Imijikelo yokuvula/yokucima rhoqo, amaqondo obushushu angalinganiyo egumbi, kunye nokudinwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kokutshintsha ubushushu.
Ulungiso alukho ithiyori. Iqala ngokubala kwe-J ye-manual-hayi uqikelelo lwesoftware-ukumisela uyilo lokulahleka kobushushu kwi -15°C. Emva koko sikhetha ibhoyili yokumodareyitha kunye ne-turndown ratios ye-10: 1 ubuncinane. Oko kuthetha ukuba iyunithi engama-24 kW inokwehla iye kwi-2.4 kW ngamaxesha onyaka egxalabeni—ibaleka ngokuthe gqolo endaweni yokumbakraza nokuvala.
Intsimbi engenastainless ayikhethi-ibalulekile
Izibiyeli ezijiyisayo zikhupha ubushushu obufihliweyo ngokupholisa iigesi zombhobho ezingaphantsi kwama-55°C. Oko kudala i-acidic condensate (pH 3-4). Intsimbi yentsimbi okanye i-heat exchangers yobhedu i-corrode phakathi kweminyaka emi-3-5 phantsi kwezo meko.
Intsimbi engatyiwayo iyayicombulula le nto. Kodwa ayizizo zonke i-stainless ezilinganayo. Sisebenzisa i-AISI 316L-i-alloy-grade-grade alloy ene-molybdenum eyongeziweyo yokumelana ne-chloride. Iphatha i-condensate ngokungenasiphelo kwaye inyamezela ukukala kwamanzi anzima ngcono kune-304. Yonke indawo yokuhlala esebenza kakuhle kwibhoyila esiyakhayo isebenzisa i-316L epheleleyo yokutshintsha ubushushu obuphambili kunye nesibini-akukho zixhobo zokunciphisa iindleko, akukho zakhiwo ze-hybrid.
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni njengeQingdao okanye emazantsi eSpain, apho umoya ozele ityuwa ukhawulezisa ukubola. Idatha yethu yasendle ibonisa ukusilela kokutshintshisa ubushushu kwiminyaka eyi-8 kuzo zonke iifakelo ezingama-42 kwiindawo zokufuma okuphezulu. Thelekisa oko kwi-avareji yoshishino: i-12% yezinga lokungaphumeleli ngaphambi konyaka wesi-6 kwiiyunithi ezingenastainless.
Iimeko zoFakelo ongenakuzihoya
Ibhoyili esebenza kakuhle kakhulu ayinakusebenza ngaphandle kokuba uhlangabezana neemfuno ezintathu zomzimba:
- I-condensate yamanzi: Umbhobho ozinikeleyo wePVC okanye wePP-R uthambekele kwi-1% ukuya kwi-drain yomgangatho okanye i-neutralizer-kungekhona kwi-sink trap okanye i-vent stack
- Ubushushu obuphantsi bubuyisela amanzi: Uyilo lwenkqubo kufuneka luqinisekise ukuba ixesha lokubuya lihlala lingaphantsi kwe-55 ° C ngexesha lokusebenza; ngenye indlela, ukujiya akuze kwenzeke
- Umoya wokutsha owaneleyo: Iikhithi zokutsha ezitywiniweyo zifuna umoya othe ngqo wangaphandle-akukho magumbi omlilo okwabelwana ngawo okanye imigudu yeattic
Siye sahamba kude ne-7 imisebenzi kwiinyanga ezili-18 ezidlulileyo kuba iimeko zesayithi zaphule le mithetho. Omnye umxhasi unyanzelise ukuhambisa i-condensate ibe sisipakisho somhlaba sentsimbi. Sinqabile umyalelo-kwaye samthumelela ingxelo yokuvavanya i-corrosion ebonisa i-0.8 mm / ngonyaka ukulahleka kwesinyithi kwi-pH 3.5. Waqesha enye ikontraka. Isitshintshi sobushushu asiphumelelanga kwiinyanga ezili-14.
Eyona nto uyihlawulayo
Iibhoyili zokuhlala ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu zibiza i-25-40% ngaphezulu kuneemodeli eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa indawo yokuphumla ayithethi ngexabiso lesincamathelisi-limalunga neendleko zokusebenza ebomini.
Cinga ngekhaya eliqhelekileyo le-180 m² ePoland lisebenzisa igesi yendalo. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-15:
- Umgangatho webhoyila we-82% AFUE: ¥112,400 ixabiso lilonke (¥34,900 izixhobo + ¥77,500 amafutha)
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-96% kwibhoyila ye-AFUE: ¥128,600 iindleko zizonke (¥49,200 izixhobo + ¥79,400 amafutha)
Linda-oko akubizi. Kodwa yongeza kwizinto eziguquguqukayo zehlabathi langempela: ukunyuka kwamaxabiso egesi (i-5.2% avg. ngonyaka kwi-EU), ukugcinwa kokugcinwa (akukho kwehla ngonyaka, akukho kuhlolwa kokukhanya komqhubi), kunye nokwandisa ubomi (i-22 vs. 14 iminyaka ephakathi), kunye neyunithi esebenza kakuhle kakhulu iphumelele nge-¥ 18,300 ngexesha lokuphila kwayo.
Yiyo loo nto singacaphuli "amaxesha okuhlawula." Sicaphula *iigophe zobunini zizonke*—ngamaxabiso epetroli asekuhlaleni, indawo yemozulu, kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa ezibhakiweyo.
A kwibhoyila yokuhlala enefuthe eliphezulu ayilulo uphuculo lwesixhobo. Licebo lexesha elide le-thermal. Yenziwe ngokufanelekileyo, inika ugcino olulinganisekayo, ukusebenza okuthe cwaka, kunye nentuthuzelo engaguqukiyo-ngaphandle kokulalanisa okufihlakeleyo. Iteknoloji ikhona. Imigangatho icacile. Into engekhoyo kukulinganisa okunyanisekileyo, ukufakwa ngokungqongqo, kunye nezixhobo ezakhelwe umsebenzi-hayi incwadana kuphela.
IQINGDAO XINGFU ENERGY EQUIPMENT CO., LTD yakha izixhobo zeenjineli ezingavumiyo ukuthelekelela. Iibhoyila zabo ezisebenza ngentsimbi ekumgangatho ophezulu zibonisa olu qeqesho: akukho ndlela zimfutshane kwi-metallurgy, akukho ngqikelelo kumlinganiselo, akukho kuthula kwimida yehlabathi yokwenyani. Ngenxa yokuba ukonga amandla akufanele kuthethe ukuncama ukuthembeka-okanye inyaniso.
