ʻAʻole ʻo nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe uila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mahu no ka Industrial Revolution - ke ala hou nei lākou ma ke ʻano he naʻauao, ʻole-emission solutions no ka mana ʻoihana off-grid. Ua hoʻonoho mākou ma luna o 127 mau ʻāpana i loko o nā hale lole lole mamao, nā mea kanu hoʻoponopono meaʻai, a me nā hale hana modular kahi i hiki ʻole ai ke kūpaʻa ʻole a i ʻole ka nele i nā mea hana hoʻihoʻi kuʻuna. I kēlā me kēia hihia, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka hilinaʻi - ua ana ʻia i ka hana ʻana he 72 mau hola i ka wā o ka pō ʻeleʻele ma Indonesia a me -35°C i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo ma Mongolia.
No ke aha ʻo Steam—ʻAʻole ʻo Diesel a i ʻole Solar wale nō—Hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa kūwaho maoli
Hana ʻole nā gensets Diesel i kahi e hāʻule ai ka logistics wahie. Ua paʻa nā ʻōnaehana solar + pākaukau: he 500 kW hoʻouka ʻia e pono ai ~2.1 MWh o ka waiho ʻana no ka uhi ʻana i hoʻokahi lā pōʻeleʻele, koi nui ʻia—ʻoi aku ke kumu kūʻai ma mua o ka ʻōnaehana mahu. ʻO kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe uila i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mahu e ʻaoʻao i nā pahele ʻelua. Hoʻololi ia i ka ikehu wela—i hoʻokumu ʻia mai ka biomass, nā kaila ʻōpala, ke kinoea maoli, a i ʻole ke koena o ka wela wela o ka lā-i loko o ka mana 50/60 Hz AC paʻa ma o nā alternator like. ʻAʻohe pili pili pūnaewele. ʻAʻohe pilikia o ke kaulahao hoʻolako lithium. ʻAʻohe hōʻemi o ka uku / hoʻokuʻu i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻIke mākou i ʻekolu mau hiʻohiʻona hoʻolaha e kūleʻa mau ana:
Nā mokupuni biomass-to-power: 300–800 kW pūhui i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻai meaʻai ʻōpala o ka ʻāina (ka laiki, ka niu, ka ʻōpala), e loaʻa ana he 22–26% ka pono uila me ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i ka wela no ka hana mahu.
Pūnaehana hoʻoheheʻe thermal hybrid: ʻO nā paila mahu uila (e laʻa, XINGFU's S-Series) i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka pō me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana pahu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ke koena PV, a laila hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ke ʻano he mahu e hoʻokele ai i nā turbine-generators i ka wā o ka koi kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO nā microgrids ʻōpala i ka ikehu: Nā ʻāpana pyrolysis i hoʻohana ʻia e hānai ana i nā synga maʻemaʻe i loko o nā paila mahu kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻohana ana i nā hana ma ka pūnaewele ʻoiai e hoʻopau ana i ke kuleana ʻāina.
ʻO ka ʻike koʻikoʻi? ʻAʻole ia e pili ana i ka puka mana maka. E pili ana ia hoʻouna ʻia ka wela wela. Mālama ka mahu i ka ikehu ma ke ʻano he wela huna—ʻaʻole nā mea paʻa kemika a i ʻole nā kahua electrostatic. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke mae ma hope o 5,000 cycles. ʻAʻohe hōʻoia palekana ahi i kēlā me kēia ʻeono mahina. ʻO nā ipu kaomi kila kuhili wale, nā turbines i hōʻoia ʻia e ka ASME, a me ka manaʻo manaʻo e pane ana i ka hoʻouka ʻana ma lalo o 90 kekona.
He aha ka mea e haki ai i kēia mau ʻōnaehana—a pehea e pale aku ai
Ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa nei kekahi he "paʻakikī loa" no nā wahi mamao. Akā ʻo kā mākou ʻikepili kahua e hōʻike ana i ka 92% o nā hemahema i ʻike ʻia i ʻekolu kumu hiki ke pale ʻia - ʻaʻole nā hemahema ʻenehana.
ʻO ka mea mua: mālama ʻole i ka maikaʻi o ka wai. ʻO ka wai hānai paʻa ma 4 ppm silica e hoʻonui i kahi pahu pahu paila 600 kW i 8 pule. Ke kauoha nei mākou i ka deionization inline + ka nānā mau ʻana i ka conductivity i nā mea hoʻopuka a pau. ʻO ka lua: ka hoʻihoʻi condensate liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka lilo ʻana o 40% o nā ikaika condensate e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai hoʻomehana wai—e hoʻopau ana i ka 18% o ka nui o ka hoʻokomo wela. ʻO ke kolu: ʻaʻole kūlike ka hoʻokani ʻana o ke kiaʻāina turbine me ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao. Pono ka hale wai lole lole me ka pulsing 200–500 kW i nā hoʻonohonoho droop ʻokoʻa ma mua o kahi pasteurizer waiu mau.
ʻO ia ke kumu e holo ai kēlā me kēia mokuahi XINGFU me ka loiloi PLC i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia, nā skid mālama wai i hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka hale hana, a me nā hōʻike hoʻohālikelike hoʻoili-ʻaʻole nā manual wale nō. ʻAʻole mākou kūʻai aku i nā lako. Hāʻawi mākou i ka hoʻomau o ka hana i hōʻoia ʻia.
ʻOihana Hoʻokele Real-World: Uku i 2.3 Makahiki, ʻAʻole 7
Ua hoʻololi kekahi mea kūʻai ma Polani i ʻelua mau mea hoʻoheheʻe diesel 400 kW me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe uila 650 kW biomass-fire. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kumukūʻai ma mua o 37%. Akā ua haʻihaʻi nā waihona makahiki e like me kēia:
Maintenance: €41,000 (ʻaʻohe hoʻololi aila, kūkulu hou i ka injector, a i ʻole ka hoʻopau ʻana ma hope o ka mālama ʻana)
ʻO ka hana haʻahaʻa: €29,000 (ʻaʻohe kelepona hoʻopiʻi ulia pōpilikia; nā mākaʻikaʻi nānā ʻana i ka haʻalulu 72h ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu)
Ka huina ROI: 2.3 makahiki. A no ka mea ua kūpono ka ʻāpana no nā hōʻaiʻē kalapona EU ETS (0 g CO₂/kWh), ua koi lākou i €14,600 hou i nā hōʻemi hoʻokuʻu i hōʻoia ʻia i ka hapaha hope.
ʻAʻole kēia he hypothetical. Hoʻopili ʻia ia i ka manawa maoli ma kā mākou puka kūʻai aku - ke kahe mahu ola, ka turbine RPM, ka ʻeaea ʻea O₂%, a me ka kWh i lawe ʻia i waho. ʻAʻole kūʻai aku ʻo Transparency. Pehea ʻoe e hōʻoia ai i ka hana inā ʻoe he 8,000 km mai ka hale hana.
Ke koho ʻana i kāu Core Power Off-Grid Aʻe
Inā he uptime kāu mea nui-ʻaʻole wale ka helu inoa inoa-e koi i ka hōʻoia o ʻekolu mau mea ma mua o ke kau inoa ʻana:
Hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻike hōʻoia ʻōnaehana piha maoli puka uila ma 30%, 75%, a me 100% hoʻouka—ʻaʻole wale ka pono wela o ka paila.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kaʻina hoʻokele kemika wai i kāu lako kūloko (ʻaʻole nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo "hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai hānai" maʻamau)
ʻO kahi SLA pane lawelawe i kākau ʻia: loaʻa nā ʻāpana, nā puka makani ʻenehana hōʻoia ʻia, a me ke komo ʻana i nā diagnostics mamao.
Ua oʻo ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe uila i ka mahu ma mua o nā manaʻo hoʻoilina. I kēia manawa pololei, mālie, ʻole-emission, a hoʻohui pū ʻia me nā ʻōnaehana kaiaola mana hou. ʻAʻole ka nīnau inā pili ka mahu i kāu pūnaewele waho-grid. ʻO ia inā hiki i kāu hoʻonā o kēia manawa ke hoʻohālikelike i kona kūpaʻa - ke nalo ka pahu, kū ka hale hoʻokele wahie, a hōʻole paha ka lā i ka ʻā.
